Defender 90 NAS. Instruction - page 2

INTRODUCTION

7

INFORMATION

TOWING

CAUTION: The vehicle has permanent
four-wheel drive. The following towing
instructions must be adhered to:

Towing the vehicle on all four wheels with driver
operating steering and brakes.

1. Turn ignition key to position ’I’ to release steering

lock.

2. Select neutral in main gearbox and transfer

gearbox.

3. Secure tow rope, chain or cable to front towing

eyes.

4. Release the parking brake.

CAUTION: The brake servo and power
assisted steering system will not be
functional without the engine running.

Greater pedal pressure will be required to apply
the brakes, the steering system will require
greater effort to turn the front road wheels.
The vehicle tow connection should be used only
in normal road conditions, ’snatch’ recovery
should be avoided.

Suspended tow by breakdown vehicle

1. If the front axle is to be trailed, turn ignition key

to position ’1’ to release steering lock.

2. Select neutral in main gearbox and transfer

gearbox.

CAUTION: The steering wheel and/or
linkage must be secured in a straight
ahead position. DO NOT use the steering

lock mechanism for this purpose.

TRANSPORTING THE VEHICLE BY TRAILER

Lashing/towing eyes are provided on front and rear of
the chassis side members to facilitate the securing of
the vehicle to a trailer or other means of
transportation.

CAUTION: Underbody components must
not be used as lashing points.

Install vehicle on trailer and apply park brake. Select
’N’ (Neutral) in main gearbox.

01

INTRODUCTION

8

INFORMATION

JUMP STARTING

WARNING: Hydrogen and oxygen gases
are produced during normal battery
operation. This gas mixture can explode if

flames, sparks or lighted tobacco are brought
near battery. When charging or using a battery in
an enclosed space, always provide ventilation and
shield your eyes.

Keep out of reach of children. Batteries contain
sulphuric acid. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, or
clothing. Also, shield eyes when working near
battery to protect against possible splashing of
acid solution. In case of acid contact with skin,
eyes, or clothing, flush immediately with water for
a minimum of fifteen minutes. If acid is swallowed,
drink large quantities of milk or water, followed by
milk of magnesia, a beaten egg, or vegetable oil.
SEEK MEDICAL AID IMMEDIATELY.

To Jump Start - Negative Ground Battery

WARNING: To avoid any possibility of
injury use particular care when connecting
a booster battery to a discharged battery.

1. Position vehicles so that jump leads will reach,

ensuring that vehicles DO NOT TOUCH,
alternatively a fully charged slave battery may be
positioned on floor adjacent to vehicle.

2. Ensuring that ignition and all electrical

accessories are switched off, that parking brake
is applied and neutral is selected on a manual
gearbox, with an automatic gearbox select
neutral (N) or park (P) and then connect the
jump leads as follows;

A. Connect one end of first jumper cable to positive

(+) terminal of booster battery.

B. Connect other end of first jumper cable to

positive (+) terminal of discharged battery.

C. Connect one end of second jumper cable to

negative terminal of booster battery.

D. Connect other end of second jumper cable to a

good earth point on the engine, NOT TO
NEGATIVE TERMINAL OF DISCHARGED
BATTERY.
Keep jumper lead away from moving
parts, pulleys, drive belts and fan blade
assembly.

WARNING: Making final cable connection
could cause an electrical arc which if
made near battery could cause an

explosion.

3. If booster battery is installed in another vehicle,

start engine and allow to idle.

4. Start engine of vehicle with discharged battery,

following starting procedure in Owners’ Manual.

CAUTION: If vehicle fails to start within a
maximum time of 12 seconds, switch
ignition off and investigate cause. Failing

to follow this instruction could result in
irrepairable damage to catalysts.

5. Remove negative (-) jumper cable from the

engine and then terminal of booster battery.

6. Remove positive (+) jumper cable from positive

terminals of booster battery and discharged
battery.

INTRODUCTION

9

INFORMATION

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED IN THIS
MANUAL

Across flats (bolt size)

AF

............................................

After bottom dead centre

ABDC

...................................

After top dead centre

ATDC

.........................................

Alternating current

a.c.

.................................................

Ampere

A or amp

........................................................

Ampere hour

amp hr

....................................................

Before bottom dead centre

BBDC

................................

Before top dead centre

BTDC

......................................

Bottom dead centre

BDC

.............................................

Brake horse power

bhp

................................................

British Standards

BS

....................................................

Carbon monoxide

CO

..................................................

Centimetre

cm

.............................................................

Centigrade (Celsius)

C

................................................

Cubic centimetre

cm

3

...................................................

Cubic inch

in

3

...............................................................

Degree (angle)

deg or

°

...............................................

Degree (temperature)

deg or

°

.....................................

Diameter

dia.

...............................................................

Direct current

d.c.

.........................................................

Electronic Control Unit

ECU

........................................

Electronic Fuel Injection

EFI

........................................

Fahrenheit

F

.................................................................

Feet

ft

...........................................................................

Feet per minute

ft/min

..................................................

Fifth

5th

........................................................................

First

1st

........................................................................

Fluid ounce

fl oz

..........................................................

Foot pounds (torque)

lbf ft

............................................

Fourth

4th

.....................................................................

Gramme (force)

gf

........................................................

Gramme (mass)

g

........................................................

Gallons

gal

...................................................................

Gallons (US)

US gal

.....................................................

High tension (electrical)

H.T.

........................................

Internal diameter

I.D.

...................................................

Inches of mercury

in. Hg

..............................................

Inches

in

......................................................................

Kilogramme (force)

kgf

.................................................

Kilogramme (mass.)

kg

................................................

Kilogramme centimetre (torque)

kgf.cm

.......................

Kilogramme per square millimetre

kgf/mm

2

.................

Kilogramme per square centimetre

kgf/cm

2

.................

Kilogramme metres (torque)

kgf.m

..............................

Kilometres

km

..............................................................

Kilometres per hour

km/h

.............................................

Kilovolts

kV

...................................................................

Left-hand

LH

................................................................

Left-hand steering

LHStg

.............................................

Left-hand thread

LHThd

...............................................

Litres

l or litre

...............................................................

Low tension

l.t.

.............................................................

Maximum

max.

............................................................

Metre

m

........................................................................

Millilitre

ml

....................................................................

Millimetre

mm

...............................................................

Miles per gallon

mpg

....................................................

Miles per hour

mph

......................................................

Minute (angle)

............................................................

Minus (of tolerance)

-

...................................................

Negative (electrical)

-

...................................................

Newton metres (torque)

Nm

........................................

Number

No.

.................................................................

Ohms

ohm

...................................................................

Ounces (force)

ozf

.......................................................

Ounces (mass)

oz

........................................................

Ounce inch (torque)

ozf.in.

..........................................

Outside diameter

O.D.

.................................................

Part number

Part No.

...................................................

Percentage

%

...............................................................

Pints

pt

.........................................................................

Pints (US)

US pt

...........................................................

Plus (tolerance)

+

.........................................................

Positive (electrical)

+

....................................................

Pound (force)

lbf

..........................................................

Pounds inch (torque)

in.lbf.

..........................................

Pound (mass)

lb

...........................................................

Pounds per square inch

PSI or lbf/in

2

..........................

Ratio

:

...........................................................................

Reference

ref.

..............................................................

Revolution per minute

rev/min

.....................................

Right-hand

RH

.............................................................

Second (angle)

"

...........................................................

Second (numerical order)

2nd

......................................

Specific gravity

sp.gr.

...................................................

Square centimetres

cm

2

...............................................

Square inches

in

2

.........................................................

Standard wire gauge

s.w.g.

.........................................

Synchroniser/Synchromesh

synchro.

..........................

Third

3rd

.......................................................................

Top dead centre

TDC

..................................................

United Kingdom

UK

......................................................

Vehicle Identification Number

VIN

...............................

Volts

V

.........................................................................

Watts

W

.......................................................................

SCREW THREADS
American Standard Taper Pipe

NPTF

.........................

British Standard Pipe

BSP

...........................................

Unified Coarse

UNC

....................................................

Unified Fine

UNF

.........................................................

01

INTRODUCTION

10

INFORMATION

CROSS REFERENCE OF EMISSION SYSTEM
TERMINOLOGY

NEW TERM

(ACRONYM)

Accelerator pedal

(AP)

.................................................

Air cleaner

(ACL)

..........................................................

Air conditioning

(AC)

....................................................

Battery positive voltage

(B+)

........................................

Closed loop

(CL)

..........................................................

Closed throttle position

(CTP)

......................................

Canister purge valve

(CANPV)

....................................

Data link connector

(DLC)

...........................................

Diagnostic trouble code

(DTC)

.....................................

Distributor ignition

(DI)

.................................................

Engine control module

(ECM)

......................................

Engine coolant level

(ECL)

...........................................

Engine coolant temperature

(ECT)

..............................

Engine coolant temperature sensor

(ECTS)

................

Engine speed

(RPM)

....................................................

Evaporative emission system

(EVAP)

..........................

Engine fuel temperature sensor

(EFTS)

......................

4th gear, 3rd gear etc.

(4GR, 3GR)

..............................

Fuel pump

(FP)

............................................................

Fan control module

(FCM)

...........................................

Generator

(GEN)

..........................................................

Ground

(GND)

..............................................................

Heated oxygen sensor

(H02S)

....................................

Idle air control

(IAC)

......................................................

Idle air control valve

(IACV)

.........................................

Ignition control module

(ICM)

.......................................

Inertia fuel shutoff

(IFS)

................................................

Inertia fuel shutoff switch

(IFSS)

..................................

Intake air temperature

(IAT)

.........................................

Malfunction indicator lamp

(MIL)

..................................

Manifold vacuum zone

(MVZ)

......................................

Mass air flow sensor

(MAFS)

.......................................

Multiport fuel injection

(MFI)

........................................

On board diagnostic

(OBD)

..........................................

Open loop

(OL)

............................................................

Park/neutral position

(PNP)

.........................................

Park/neutral position switch

(PNPS)

............................

Programmable read only memory

(PROM)

..................

Relay module

(RM)

......................................................

Service reminder indicator

(SRI)

..................................

Solid state relay module

(SSRM)

.................................

Three way catalytic converter

(TWC)

..........................

Throttle body

(TB)

........................................................

Throttle position sensor

(TPS)

......................................

Torque converter clutch

(TCC)

....................................

Transmission range

(TR)

..............................................

Transmission range selector

(TRS)

.............................

Vehicle speed sensor

(VSS)

........................................

Wide open throttle

(WOT)

............................................

OLD TERM

(ACRONYM)

Throttle pedal

(-)

..........................................................

Air cleaner

(-)

...............................................................

Air conditioning

(AC)

....................................................

Battery plus, bat +, bat feed

(B+)

.................................

Closed loop

(-)

.............................................................

Closed throttle, idle position

(-)

....................................

Charcoal canister purge valve

(-)

.................................

Serial link

(-)

................................................................

Fault code

(-)

...............................................................

Electronic ignition

(-)

....................................................

Electronic control unit

(ECU)

........................................

Coolant level

(-)

...........................................................

Coolant temperature

(temp)

.........................................

Coolant temperature thermistor

(-)

..............................

Engine speed

(rev/min)

................................................

Evaporative loss system

(ELC)

...................................

Fuel temperature thermistor

(-)

....................................

Fourth gear, 3rd gear

(-)

..............................................

Fuel pump

(-)

...............................................................

Condenser fan timer

(-)

................................................

Alternator

(-)

................................................................

Ground, earth

(B-)

........................................................

Lambda (02) sensor

(-)

................................................

Idle speed control

(ISC)

................................................

Stepper motor

(-)

.........................................................

Ignition module

(-)

........................................................

Inertia switch

(-)

...........................................................

Inertia switch

(-)

...........................................................

Intake temperature/ambient temperature

(-)

................

EFI warning lamp

(-)

....................................................

Manifold depression, vacuum

(-)

.................................

Air flow meter

(-)

..........................................................

Electronic fuel injection

(EFI)

.......................................

Fault code display unit

(-)

............................................

Open loop

(-)

...............................................................

Park or neutral

(-)

.........................................................

Start inhibit switch

(-)

...................................................

Chip, PROM

(PROM)

...................................................

Relay

(-)

.......................................................................

Check engine light

(-)

...................................................

Control unit

(-)

..............................................................

Catalyst, catalytic converter

(CAT)

..............................

Throttle housing

(-)

......................................................

Throttle potentiometer

(-)

.............................................

Direct drive clutch

(DDC)

..............................................

Transmission gear

(-)

...................................................

Shift lever, shifter

(-)

....................................................

Road speed transducer

(-)

...........................................

Full throttle, wide open throttle

(WOT)

.........................

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